mini-pam——外觀mini，但功能絕不mini！
schreiber教授因發(fā)明pam系列調(diào)制葉綠素?zé)晒鈨x而獲得首屆國(guó)際光合作用協(xié)會(huì)（ispr）創(chuàng)新獎(jiǎng)
1983年，walz公司首席科學(xué)家、德國(guó)烏茲堡大學(xué)的ulrich schreiber教授設(shè)計(jì)制造了全世界第一臺(tái)調(diào)制熒光儀——pam-101/102/103，并在植物生理、生態(tài)、農(nóng)學(xué)、林學(xué)、水生生物學(xué)等領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用，出版了大量高水平研究文獻(xiàn)。但該儀器比較笨重，不易帶到野外。
1992年，ulrich schreiber教授設(shè)計(jì)制造了全世界第一臺(tái)便攜式調(diào)制熒光儀——pam-2000（現(xiàn)已升級(jí)到pam-2100），由于其既能在室內(nèi)使用，也方便野外使用，因此在此后十幾年中成為全球最暢銷(xiāo)的調(diào)制熒光儀。
1996年，walz公司在濃縮pam-2000功能的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計(jì)制造了一臺(tái)更加方便攜帶的超便攜式調(diào)制熒光儀——mini-pam。該儀器對(duì)pam-2000的功能進(jìn)行了濃縮，更加適合野外操作，同時(shí)價(jià)格也更加便宜。
系統(tǒng)描述
mini-pam采用了獨(dú)特的調(diào)制技術(shù)和飽和脈沖技術(shù)，從而可以通過(guò)選擇性的原位測(cè)量葉綠素?zé)晒鈦?lái)檢測(cè)植物光合作用的變化。mini-pam的調(diào)制測(cè)量光足夠低，可以只激發(fā)色素的本底熒光而不引起任何的光合作用，從而可以真實(shí)的記錄基礎(chǔ)熒光fo。mini-pam具有很強(qiáng)的靈敏度和選擇性，使其即使在很強(qiáng)的、未經(jīng)濾光片處理的環(huán)境下（如全日照甚至是10000 μmol m-2 s-1的飽和光強(qiáng)下）也可測(cè)定熒光產(chǎn)量而不受到干擾。mini-pam是野外光合作用研究的強(qiáng)大工具。
超便攜式調(diào)制葉綠素?zé)晒鈨xmini-pam的特點(diǎn)在于快速、可靠的測(cè)量光合作用光化學(xué)能量轉(zhuǎn)換的實(shí)際量子產(chǎn)量。此外，mini-pam秉承了walz公司pam系列產(chǎn)品的一貫優(yōu)點(diǎn)，通過(guò)應(yīng)用調(diào)制測(cè)量光來(lái)選擇性的測(cè)量活體葉綠素?zé)晒��；趧?chuàng)新性的光電設(shè)計(jì)和高級(jí)微處理器技術(shù)，mini-pam在達(dá)到超便攜設(shè)計(jì)的同時(shí)可以得到靈敏、可靠的結(jié)果。同時(shí)，mini-pam的操作非常簡(jiǎn)單。
測(cè)量光合量子產(chǎn)量只需一個(gè)按鍵（start）操作即可，儀器會(huì)自動(dòng)測(cè)量熒光產(chǎn)量（f）和最大熒光（fm），并計(jì)算光合量子產(chǎn)量（y＝δf/fm），得到的數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)在液晶顯示屏上顯示同時(shí)自動(dòng)存儲(chǔ)。此外mini-pam還有許多模式（mode）菜單，包括熒光淬滅分析（qp、qn和npq）和記錄光響應(yīng)曲線等，以滿(mǎn)足用戶(hù)的特殊需要。
連接光適應(yīng)葉夾2030-b后，可以測(cè)量光合有效輻射（par）、葉片溫度和相對(duì)電子傳遞速率（retr）。內(nèi)置電池可以滿(mǎn)足1000次量子產(chǎn)量測(cè)量的需要，儀器內(nèi)存可以存儲(chǔ)4000組數(shù)據(jù)。
windows操作軟件wincontrol可以進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸、數(shù)據(jù)分析和遙控操作。
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版的mini-pam采用紅光作為測(cè)量光。根據(jù)用戶(hù)需要，我們也可提供以藍(lán)光（470 nm）作為測(cè)量光的mini-pam。
特點(diǎn)
1）聲譽(yù)卓著的pam-2000的濃縮版
2）精巧、準(zhǔn)確、迅速、操作簡(jiǎn)便的高級(jí)光合作用檢測(cè)設(shè)備
3）可單機(jī)操作（采用內(nèi)置電腦），可連接外置電腦操作（windows操作軟件wincontrol）
4）超便攜式設(shè)計(jì)，帶液晶顯示屏和8個(gè)按鍵
5）強(qiáng)大的數(shù)據(jù)收集、分析和存貯功能
6）能耗低，內(nèi)置鋰電池可滿(mǎn)足長(zhǎng)時(shí)間野外工作需要，并可連接外置12 v電池
7）多種葉夾可供選擇，專(zhuān)利設(shè)計(jì)的光適應(yīng)葉夾2030-b可同時(shí)記錄par和溫度變化
8）光源選擇：自然光，內(nèi)置光源（提供測(cè)量光、光化光和飽和脈沖），可選外置鹵素?zé)艄庠矗ㄌ貏e適合野外研究）
功能
1）可測(cè)熒光誘導(dǎo)曲線并進(jìn)行淬滅分析（fo, fm, fv/fm, f, fm", δf/fm’, qp, qn, npq, retr, par和葉溫等）
2）可測(cè)光響應(yīng)曲線和快速光曲線（rlc）
3）51個(gè)內(nèi)置模式菜單，方便參數(shù)設(shè)置和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)量
4）可在線監(jiān)測(cè)植物、微藻、地衣、苔蘚等的光合作用變化
5）功能強(qiáng)大，特別適合野外操作，實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)利用wincontrol控制時(shí)可自編程序
應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域
儀器設(shè)計(jì)特別適合野外使用，可用于研究光合作用機(jī)理、各種環(huán)境因子（光、溫、營(yíng)養(yǎng)等）對(duì)植物生理狀態(tài)的影響、植物抗逆性（干旱、冷、熱、澇、uv、病毒、污染、重金屬等）、植物的長(zhǎng)期生態(tài)學(xué)變化等。在植物生理學(xué)、植物生態(tài)學(xué)、植物病理學(xué)、農(nóng)學(xué)、林學(xué)、園藝學(xué)、水生生物學(xué)、環(huán)境科學(xué)、毒理學(xué)、微藻生物技術(shù)、極地植物光合作用研究等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛應(yīng)用。
系統(tǒng)組成
mini-pam的基本組成包括主機(jī)（1）和光纖（2）。主機(jī)內(nèi)置大容量可充電鋰電池（12 v/2 ah），可供長(zhǎng)時(shí)間野外操作（約1000次量子產(chǎn)量測(cè)定）。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)系統(tǒng)還包括一個(gè)電池充電器（3）和一個(gè)“距離葉夾”（4），以及一個(gè)運(yùn)輸箱（5）。
可選附件包括：可在測(cè)量熒光參數(shù)的同時(shí)測(cè)量par和溫度的光適應(yīng)葉夾2030-b（6）；微型光量子/溫度傳感器2060-m（7），可用于測(cè)量非葉片狀樣品的par和溫度；可安裝2030-b或2060-m的三角架st-2101a（8）；暗適應(yīng)葉夾dlc-8（9），帶滑片開(kāi)關(guān)，重4 g；微光纖（10），可用于測(cè)量微型樣品，或與便攜式光合作用測(cè)量系統(tǒng)gfs-3000的葉室連用在自然光下同步測(cè)量氣體交換和葉綠素?zé)晒狻?/span>
可與光合儀連用，同步測(cè)量氣體交換和熒光
mini-pam可以利用微光纖與便攜式光合作用測(cè)量系統(tǒng)gfs-3000連用，在完全不遮蔭的自然光下同步測(cè)量氣體交換與葉綠素?zé)晒?/span>，特別適合野外生理、生態(tài)學(xué)研究。
技術(shù)參數(shù)
測(cè)量光：紅色發(fā)光二極管（led），650 nm；標(biāo)準(zhǔn)光強(qiáng)0.15 μmol m-2 s-1par；調(diào)制頻率0.6或20 khz，自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換。
光化光：鹵素?zé)簦?v/20w，藍(lán)色增強(qiáng)，λ<710 nm，最大連續(xù)光強(qiáng)6000 μmol m-2 s-1par。
飽和脈沖：鹵素?zé)簦?v/20w，藍(lán)色增強(qiáng)，λ<710 nm，最大飽和閃光強(qiáng)度18000 μmol m-2 s-1par。
信號(hào)檢測(cè)：pin-光電二極管，帶短波截止濾光片（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版：λ>710 nm；mini-pam/b：λ>650 nm）；選擇性鎖相放大器（專(zhuān)利設(shè)計(jì)）。
數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)：cmos ram 128 kb，可存儲(chǔ)4000組數(shù)據(jù)
測(cè)量參數(shù)：fo, fm, fm’, f, fv/fm(max. yield), δf/fm’(yield), qp, qn, npq, etr, par和葉溫等。
環(huán)境溫度：-5～＋40℃，在極地研究中得到成功應(yīng)用
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